China Agricultural Focus: Big Agricultural Machinery Gives Big Agriculture Wings to Take Off

In midsummer, Longjiang is full of green fields, rippling scenery, full of vitality, and the air is filled with intoxicating fragrance. Looking up at the sky above tens of thousands of acres of rice fields, drones carrying rice leafminer control chemicals are flying accurately and covering seamlessly according to the set route plan, which greatly improves the quality and effect of plant protection and promotes summer management work. More scientific, precise and ecological. Driven by a new round of scientific and technological revolution, digital and intelligent technologies have gradually been integrated into the process of agricultural mechanization, and "big agricultural machinery" is giving "big agriculture" wings to take off. From the traditional "pickaxe, hoe, sickle and plow" to today's "golden iron horse", from the "human and animal labor" of the past to the current "unmanned farm", from the past "face to the loess and back to the sky" to the current "face to face" Facing the screen and relying on data”, agricultural machinery and equipment have become the darling of the era of technology.

"Big agricultural machinery" has become the main force of "big agriculture". The "big" in "big agricultural machinery" does not refer to the size of the machinery itself, but to the wide variety of agricultural machinery, strong power, sufficient technological content, wide service range, and powerful functions. A small step in the progress of agricultural machinery is often a big step in agricultural development. In September 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized during an inspection in Heilongjiang that "the development of agricultural science and technology should be placed in a more prominent position" and "advanced and applicable technology and high-end agricultural machinery and equipment should be promoted in a supporting manner." Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, in the process of comprehensively deepening reforms and promoting Chinese-style modernization, the Party Central Committee and the State Council have attached great importance to the development and promotion of agricultural machinery equipment, and have written the strengthening of the research and development and application of agricultural machinery equipment into the No. 1 Central Document for many years. . As of the end of 2023, the total power of my country's agricultural machinery will exceed 1.078 billion kilowatts, and the total number of agricultural machinery equipment will be close to 200 million units (sets). The comprehensive mechanization rate of crop farming and harvesting nationwide has exceeded 73%, and the number of agricultural machinery equipment equipped with Beidou positioning operation terminals has reached 180 million units (sets), helping the total grain output reach a new level, reaching 1,390.82 billion kilograms, stable at more than 1.3 trillion kilograms for nine consecutive years. The grain yield per unit area is 389.7 kilograms per mu, an increase of 0.8% over the previous year. The total grain output increased by 1.3% compared with the previous year.

Agricultural machinery and equipment at the forefront of science and technology are quietly changing traditional agricultural production methods. In September 2023, General Secretary Xi Jinping first proposed the term "new productive forces" during his inspection in Heilongjiang, and pointed out that "integrating scientific and technological innovation resources will lead the development of strategic emerging industries and future industries, and accelerate the formation of new productive forces." The process of innovation, upgrading, promotion and application of agricultural machinery and equipment is the process of transforming traditional agriculture with new productivity. Agricultural machinery and equipment liberates labor and improves labor productivity. Take pesticide spraying as an example. Using drone plant protection, one person can spray pesticides on 300 acres of rice fields in 1.5 hours. For the same amount of land, manual spraying requires at least 4 people and 7 days to complete. It not only consumes physical strength, but also lengthens the field management front. . Agricultural machinery and equipment are essentially advanced labor tools that improve agricultural production efficiency. According to the person in charge of Shengli Farm of Jiansanjiang Branch of Beidahuang Group, the operating efficiency of a new domestic tractor is 20% higher than that of ordinary models, the overall fuel consumption is 10% lower, the performance is comparable to foreign imports, and the price is also advantageous.The accelerated promotion of smart agricultural machinery and equipment not only frees people's hands, but also protects black soil and improves agricultural ecological efficiency. According to monitoring data, the implementation of protective tillage can increase soil water storage by nearly 20% and reduce farmland dust, water erosion, and wind erosion by about 35%, 60%, and 80% respectively. After five consecutive years, the organic matter content of the top 20 cm of soil can reach Improved by about 10%.

"Big agricultural machinery" assists "big agriculture", which is a long-term systematic project. We must be clearly aware that in some regions, varieties and links in our country, there are phenomena of "no organics available", "no good machines for use", "organic difficult to use" and "organics not used well" to varying degrees in some regions, varieties and links of our country. Whether it is to solve the problem of "who will farm the land" to ensure that the country The eternal question of food security is still the question of the times to answer "how to farm" and steadily improve the comprehensive food production capacity. Agricultural development is inseparable from the strong support of digitalization and intelligence of agricultural machinery and equipment. In the future, to improve the quality and efficiency of new productivity in modern large-scale agriculture in my country, we still need to further strengthen the large-scale scientific and technological functions of large-scale agricultural machinery, with the goal of serving rural revitalization and meeting the needs of hundreds of millions of farmers for improving production efficiency, and integrating agricultural machinery and agronomy, mechanized information The path of industrialization integration and agricultural machinery service models should be adapted to moderate-scale agricultural operations, and mechanized production should be adapted to farmland infrastructure. Driven by scientific and technological innovation, mechanism innovation, and policy innovation, we should accelerate the supply of machinery and tool technology, agronomic farmland supporting facilities, and management policies. shortcomings in innovation and other aspects, build more suitable application scenarios, promote the "five good" integration of good land, good seeds, good methods, good opportunities, and good systems, accelerate the development of agricultural mechanization to a full-process, comprehensive, high-quality, and efficient development, and draw a picture of agricultural machinery equipment A “new blueprint” for the development of new productive forces in the field.

Only reformers advance, and only innovators are strong. At present, the clarion call of “further comprehensively deepening reforms” has been sounded, and the strong voice of the times of “promoting Chinese-style modernization” has been implemented. Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, new productive forces are giving birth to new production relations. Digital agricultural machinery and intelligent large equipment are injecting strong momentum into modern agriculture. Scientific and technological agriculture, green agriculture, quality agriculture, and brand agriculture are developing. Development is rapid and steady, and the prosperity of high-quality agricultural development spreads across the land of the motherland. The scientific and technological revolution in the field of agricultural machinery will surely promote the formation of a new pattern of new agricultural productivity in a completely new situation.

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